Cylinder for internal combustion engines



July 19, 1932. ANGLE 1,867,795

' CYLINDER FOR INTIERNAIJCOMBUSTTON ENGINES Filed Aug. 11, 1930 v I IIHiII! u I 6267??? D/ flgle.

INVENTOR ATTORNEYS the practice has cheapness. and yet 'flange portion 2, thisflan Patented Jul is, 1932 UNITED STATES GLENN D. ANGLE. OF CINCINNATI, OHIO,

ENGINE CORPORATION, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO,

ASSIGNOR A CORPORATION OF OHIO 4 CYLINDER FOB INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES Application fled August 11, 1930. Serial No. 474,466.

This invention pertains to internal combustion engines and relates more particularly to the method of providing a compression tight joint, between the cylinder or barrel constructed of one metal, say steel or cast iron, and a head portion constructed of a dissimilar metal, as aluminum, which has a higher coefiicient of expansion.

Owing to the high expansion of the aluminum the practice heretofore has been to screw the aluminum head to the barrel or cylinder section with-a shrink fit, heating) before screwing it in place on the arrel portion.- Other methods such as bolting the two parts together have been emplo ed.

In the use of either of the a ove methods been, to machine a Separate this ring around the alumiring and shrink num' head portion where it joined the steel or cast iron cylinder or barrel after it was shrunk in place.

This required the'making of an extra part and an extra assembly operation to complete the cylinder assembl 1 The principal ,object ofzmy inmtion is'ito provide a compression tight joint between the cylinder and head with facility and insure an air tight fit. My invention eliminates the conventional ring, which is unsatisfactory and obviates Ellie necessity of heating the head for assemage. I a v A particular embodiment of my invention is selected for illustration in the accompanying drawing, in which v I igure 1 is a vertical elevation, part section, of an internal combustion engine eylinder embodying my invention. Figure 2' is an enlargement section shown in Figure 1.

Referring now to the drawing, the cast iron or-steel barrel 1 has at its upper end a e port on being machined in the form of a emal'e' ortion or groove 3, having a flat bottom an straight sides 4; The machining of this groove leaves an external integral flange or retaining memof part of the bet 5, the use of which will be apparent later.

of aluminum or aluminum A head 6, made a higher coeflicient of ex alloy, which has male portion 3,

the head than the aluminum pansion than the steel or cast iron barrel 1,

TO THE LE BLOND AIRCRAFT has machined on its bottom edge a male pprtion'or projection 7 having a flat lower por-' 'ti on and'straight sides 8,

I A series of studs 9, are-screwed into the projecting male portion 7, and have a threaded end for the reception ofa nut 11. 'The flange 2, in the-bottom of the groove or fehas a series of holes 10, coin-- eiding with the studs of the head portion 5.

To assemble the structures above described,

the studs 9, in the aluminum head portion are entered in the holes of the flange portion 2 and the nuts applied. Asthese nuts are tightened" the male portion of head 6, is forced with a light fit into the female portion of the barrel, the result being acompres sion tight groove 3 meet the same surfaces 8 on the projecting portion 7' of the aluminum head 6.

In addition to thejoints formed by the surthere is formed another joint at 12.

faces 4, Looking now at that when the aluminum head been tightly clamped to the barrel 1,, the flange 5 heretofore mentioned, completely surrounds the outer portion of projection 7 and being a part of the steel or cast iron barrel, prevents, when the aluminum head becomes hot, any exthe drawing it will be seen pansion beyond that of the steel or cast iron barrel 1' and since the coefficient-of expansion of the aluminum head portion 6 is much greater than that of the steel or cast iron barrel 1, it followsthat the joint formed by the juncture of the male portion of the aluminum head and the female portion of-the steel or cast iron barrel, becomes tighter as the head expands under the heat generated by the operation of the en 'ne. Since all expansion of the head away rom the joint between the head and the wall 4 of groove 3 at the side next the bore of the cylin flange or retaining 9 being of a material with less expansion head portion 6, they will resist the expansion away from the bottom of the groove 3, of that part of the projecting or male portion 7 that seats on the flat part of the female or groove portion 3.

The integral flange or retaining member 5 joint where the surface 40f the portion 6 has I er'is resisted by the integral member 5 and the studs proportioned relatively to the cylinder groove posed thereon as are necessitated by the prior art or specifically set forth in the appended claims. I

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters 'Patent of the United States:

1. In combination, a cylinder witha laterally extending flange and a flange extending 'from the laterally extending flange toward the end of the cylinder, and a head: to fit on said end of the'cylinder, having an annular flange fitting inside the second mentioned flange of the cylinder, the two interfitting flange structures being of materials of different coeflicients of expansion whereby the flanges of the head and cylinder draw more tightly together radially upon increased heating of the parts.

2. In combination, a cylinder with an annular axially opening groove with axially parallel sides and a bottom at right angles to.

8. flhe sides, and a head to fit on said cylinder,

aving an annular axially extended flange with axially parallel sides and a bottom at right angles to its sides, said flange being to fit snugly in the groove, and the grooved structure of the cylinder having a lower coeflicient of expansion than the flanged structureof the head whereby the flange expands against at least one side of said. groove upon increased heating of the parts.

3. In combination, a cylinder with a radially separated substantially axially extending flange, and a head with a substantially axially extended flange to fit inside the cylinder flange, the cylinderstructure adjacent ing an annular axially extended flange of cross sectional shape and size relative to the cross sectional shape and size of the cylinder groove to fit snugly in the groove, and fastening means connecting the bottom of the groove and the end of the head flange, the grooved structure of the cylinder and said fastening means having a lower coeflicient of expansion than the flanged structure of the head whereby the head flange expands against at least one side of the cylinder groove and its end expands against the bottom of the groove by virtue of the less expansion of the fastening means.

GLENN D. ANGLE.

to and inward from its flange and the end of the head flange being substantially parallel, and fastening means connecting these parallel portions of the cylinder and head, said cylinder and said fastening means having a lower coeficient of expansion than said head whereby the head flange expandsradiallyoutward against the cylinder flange and ex pands axially against said cylinder strue-' ture adjacent to and inward from the cylin der flange by virtue of the less expansion of said fastening means.

4. In combination, a cylinder. with an annular axially opening groove with axially parallel sides and a bottom at right angles to the sides, a head to fit on said cylinder, hav- 

